Description

The MAX30102 Heart Rate and Pulse Oximeter Sensor Module is a high-performance integrated optical sensor designed for accurate measurement of heart rate (BPM) and blood oxygen saturation (SpO₂). An upgraded version of the earlier MAX30100, the MAX30102 features enhanced sensitivity, reduced power consumption, improved ambient light rejection, and better performance in low-signal conditions — making it ideal for wearable devices, IoT health systems, and advanced biomedical applications.

This compact module integrates a highly efficient red LED, infrared (IR) LED, and a photodetector capable of precise detection of subtle changes in blood volume. Its advanced digital signal processing engine ensures stable, noise-free readings, even in environments with fluctuating lighting or minor motion. With its industry-standard I²C interface, the MAX30102 connects easily to popular microcontroller platforms such as Arduino, ESP32, ESP8266, Raspberry Pi, STM32, and more.

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How the MAX30102 Works

The MAX30102 uses photoplethysmography (PPG) — an optical sensing technique. When the LEDs illuminate the skin, the photodetector measures the varying absorption of light caused by pulsating blood flow. These variations are processed to determine:

• Heart Rate (Beats Per Minute)

• Blood Oxygen Saturation (SpO₂ Percentage)

With enhanced signal filtering, the MAX30102 provides a reliable reading even in challenging conditions.

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Key Features

✔ Upgraded Accuracy & Stability

Improved optical sensing and advanced filtering ensure more stable readings than the MAX30100, especially in low-light and motion-affected environments.

✔ Dual LED System

• Red LED: Used for SpO₂ measurement

• Infrared LED: Used for heart rate measurement

These LEDs work together for simultaneous pulse and oxygen analysis.

✔ Ultra-Low Power Operation

Designed for battery-powered smart devices with:

• Intelligent power saving

• Adjustable LED drive current

• Low-current standby mode

Perfect for wearable and portable monitoring equipment.

✔ I²C Communication Interface

Easily integrates with microcontrollers using only SCL and SDA, making prototyping simple and fast.

✔ Onboard ADC & Signal Processing

Includes:

• Ambient light cancellation

• High-resolution ADC

• Integrated sample handling

• Noise reduction filters

This reduces the need for complex external circuitry.

✔ Compact Sensor Module Design

The small PCB layout makes it suitable for embedded systems, smart wearables, and compact health monitoring devices.

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Specifications

• Model: MAX30102 Optical Heart Rate & SpO₂ Sensor

• Interface: I²C (SDA/SCL)

• Supply Voltage: 1.8V – 5V (with onboard regulator)

• LEDs: High-performance Red + IR LEDs

• Operating Current: Ultra-low power consumption

• Sampling Rate: Configurable (with multiple modes)

• Operating Principle: Photoplethysmography (PPG)

• Built-In: Digital signal processing & ambient light rejection

• Dimensions: Compact PCB module

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Typical Applications

🌟 Wearable Devices

• Smart watches

• Fitness trackers

• Health-monitoring wristbands

• Sports analytics devices

🌟 Medical & Research Prototypes

• Non-clinical pulse oximeters

• Vital sign monitoring devices

• Remote health monitoring systems

• Biomedical research tools

🌟 DIY & Educational Projects

• Arduino-based health monitoring systems

• IoT wellness projects

• Academic experiments

• Prototype medical tech development

🌟 Smart Electronics & Automation

• Sleep monitoring systems

• Stress/heart-rate evaluation

• Wellness kiosks and remote sensors

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Advantages Over MAX30100

• Higher accuracy and sensitivity

• Improved rejection of ambient light interference

• Better performance with motion

• Lower noise and cleaner waveform output

• More stable SpO₂ readings

• Lower overall power consumption

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Important Notes

• The sensor must maintain steady finger contact for optimal performance.

• Excessive movement or poor contact can affect reading stability.

• For medical-grade usage, additional calibration and certified algorithms are required.